Adenosine Triphosphate

Best

Antioxidant

Adenosine Triphosphate at a glance

  • Also called ATP
  • Present in all living cells
  • Soothing ingredient and antioxidant
  • Provides energy for numerous body functions
  • Ruled safe as used in cosmetics

Adenosine Triphosphate description

Adenosine triphosphate, also referred to by its initials ATP, is a type of molecule found within the cells of all living tissue. It is a nucleotide, which means it is a combination of a nitrogenous base (adenine), a sugar (ribose), and a phosphate (triphosphate). In the human body, ATP provides energy to support numerous functions, including muscle contraction and the synthesis of chemicals the body requires to maintain health. In skin care products, adenosine triphosphate provides soothing benefits. Since it’s also an antioxidant, it helps fight free-radical damage that can cause signs of aging. There is also mounting evidence that topically applied ATP can fight inflammation, in part because the body (including skin’s uppermost layers) has adenosine receptors. The independent Cosmetic Ingredient Review panel has ruled adenosine triphosphate safe in its current practices and usages. The typical range of adenosine triphosphate used in cosmetics is typically 0.1–0.5% when part of a blend.

Adenosine Triphosphate references

  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences, May 2024, pages 1-22
  • International Journal of Toxicology, December 2023, pages 50S-63S
  • BioFactors, September-October 2022, pages 1027-1035
  • Human & Experimental Toxicology, December 2020, pages 1737-1746

Peer-reviewed, substantiated scientific research is used to assess ingredients in this dictionary. Regulations regarding constraints, permitted concentration levels and availability vary by country and region.

Ingredient ratings

Best

Proven and supported by independent studies. Outstanding active ingredient for most skin types or concerns.

Good

Necessary to improve a formula's texture, stability, or penetration.

Average

Generally non-irritating but may have aesthetic, stability, or other issues that limit its usefulness.

Bad

There is a likelihood of irritation. Risk increases when combined with other problematic ingredients.

Worst

May cause irritation, inflammation, dryness, etc. May offer benefit in some capability but overall, proven to do more harm than good.

unknown

We couldn't find this in our ingredient dictionary. We log all missing ingredients and make continuous updates.

Not rated

We have not yet rated this ingredient because we have not had a chance to review the research on it.