Astaxanthin

Best

Antioxidant

Astaxanthin at a glance

  • Natural pigment found in algae, fungi, and bacteria
  • Also found in aquatic organisms
  • Rich source of antioxidants
  • Has anti-inflammatory properties
  • Boosts UV protection of sunscreens

Astaxanthin description

Astaxanthin is a chemical found in types of algae (including _Haematococcus pluvialis_), fungi, bacteria, and aquatic organisms. It is a naturally occurring red pigment that gives certain species of shrimp their red coloring. It is also used commercially as a food additive since it’s considered Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Studies find that astaxanthin has a wealth of benefits when applied to skin. It is a rich source of antioxidants that fight the oxidative stress that leads to visible skin aging. It also has anti-inflammatory properties that soothe reactive skin. Perhaps most interesting is that some studies point to astaxanthin’s ability to boost the UV protection of sunscreens because of its natural ability to deflect UV rays. Note: astaxanthin is _not_ an FDA approved UV filter, so it should not be relied upon solely for sun protection. Still, its potential to improve sunscreen performance makes it an exciting ingredient to see included in skin care products. Use levels of astaxanthin in skin care typically range from 0.01–0.07%. These low amounts, which will impart color to a formula, are a testament to how potent this antioxidant is.

Astaxanthin references

  • AAPS Open, September 2024, 1-16
  • Algal Research, July 2023, ePublication
  • ACS Omega, May 2023, pages 19,311–19,319
  • Marine Drugs, August 2021, pages 1-17
  • Nutrients, July 2021, pages 1-18
  • Life, September 2020, pages 2-8
  • Journal of Dietary Supplements, March 2020, pages 169-182
  • Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, January 2020, pages 22-27

Peer-reviewed, substantiated scientific research is used to assess ingredients in this dictionary. Regulations regarding constraints, permitted concentration levels and availability vary by country and region.

Ingredient ratings

Best

Proven and supported by independent studies. Outstanding active ingredient for most skin types or concerns.

Good

Necessary to improve a formula's texture, stability, or penetration.

Average

Generally non-irritating but may have aesthetic, stability, or other issues that limit its usefulness.

Bad

There is a likelihood of irritation. Risk increases when combined with other problematic ingredients.

Worst

May cause irritation, inflammation, dryness, etc. May offer benefit in some capability but overall, proven to do more harm than good.

unknown

We couldn't find this in our ingredient dictionary. We log all missing ingredients and make continuous updates.

Not rated

We have not yet rated this ingredient because we have not had a chance to review the research on it.